small cell lymphoma

Small cell lymphoma

Oncology N. M. * Lympho: from Latin lympha {lymph (o)-}, water: Root of terms related to lymph; * Ome: From Greek-Ohma, {-ome,-oma}, disease, body, tumor, swelling. The lymphatic system or lymphoid tissue is essentially made up of lymph vessels that drive the lymph, lymphocytes that circulate, come out or enter it as needed, lymph nodes, real reservoirs where Concentrate lymphocytes and lymphoid organs: tonsils, bone marrow, Peyer plaques (intestines), spleen, thymus. Rare in children, more common in older people, lymphoma refers to any tumor that develops from lymphoid tissue, especially lymphocytes, but especially malignant tumours. This is the case of Hodgkin's disease, Burkitt's disease and lymphoid leukemia. There are also non-Hodgkin (NHL) lymphomas, known to be low malignancies because their evolution is much slower. They reach children and adults and healing lasts from several months to a few years. Lymphocytic monoclonal proliferation is referred to as there is usually only one type of lymphocyte that escapes control and multiplies to form a tumor, whether it is localized or diffuse. There have been several attempts to classify different forms of non-Hodgkin lymphomas and the determination of the type of lymphoma is important because the treatments are specific to each type. 4 groups can be retained: * Diffuse or lymphocytic lymphomas: They are characterized by a proliferation of small lymphocytes that can be compared with the ganglion of chronic lymphoid leukemia. The treatments are therefore the same as those of chronic lymphoid leukemia. * Follicular lymphomas: They owe their name to an organization in follicular zones (or nodules) in a normal lymph node. They represent between 30 and 40% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas and their frequency continues to increase, without any real knowledge of what reason (s)-population ageing, environmental factors, reduction of defences Immune... Almost all of these follicular lymphomas correspond to proliferations of lymphoid cells B and, like other forms of lymphoma, translates into lymph nodes that increase in size and become easily palpable, especially in the neck, Armpits, in the groin, but also a great fatigue, fever, a loss of appetite, among others. These phenomena may also result from bacterial or viral infection, the diagnosis of follicular lymphoma is based on a biopsy of the lymph node reached with microscopic observation to determine the type of cell responsible. * Mantle lymphomas or intermediate lymphomas: The mantle is the cortical (hence outer) zone of the lymph nodes. These lymphomas develop at the expense of the B lymphoid cells of the mantle or crown that surrounds the normal follicles. These proliferations often take on diffuse aspects. * Mucosa Associated Lymphoïd tissue (MALT) lymphomas relate to lymphoid annexes of the mucous organs and correspond to a proliferation of small lymphoid cells. They therefore have an essentially digestive localization (in the stomach, their appearance is linked to an infection by Helicobacter pillory), but also in the bronchial, thyroid, salivary glands and lacrimal. As a general rule, all small cell lymphomas are slow-moving but do not respond decisively to chemotherapy and many recurrences are noted. On the other hand, large cell lymphomas (e.g. Burkitt lymphoma) are formidable if not treated, but react well to chemotherapy (now about 90% cure). A well-documented and popularized lymphoma site