LYMPHOMA IN DOGS
Definition of lymphoma in dogs
Lymphoma in dogs is a cancer of the lymphatic system.
The lymphatic system, still called lymph ensures the defence of the body. It consists of lymphocytes which are cells of the family of leukocytes, still called white blood cells. These are present in the blood, lymph, but also in all organs (particularly the bone marrow where they are produced).
Lymphoma is a tumor proliferation lymphocytes affecting one or more organs. The targets of this cancer are the lymph nodes, tonsils, liver, spleen, stomach, intestine, kidneys, lungs, nervous system, heart, eyes and skin.
It represents up to a quarter of the causes of cancer in dogs, ranging from a localized form (examples: cutaneous, digestive, renal) to (multicenter) widespread Lymphoma to leukemia (tumor cells in the blood and bone marrow).
Ganglionic multicentric Lymphoma (impairment of several ganglia) is the most represented.
Lymphoid leukemia (abnormal cells found in the blood) is more rare.
Certain breeds of dogs are particularly susceptible to Lymphoma as the Boxer, the Golden Retriever, the Scottish terrier.
dog-Lymphoma
Symptoms of lymphoma
According to the location of the cancer we find signs, respiratory, urinary, digestive, eye... As well as General signs (asthenia, loss of appetite, weight loss...).
In multicentric Lymphoma, the lymph nodes are enlarged.
Diagnosis of lymphoma
Clinical examination the vet oriented a suspicion of cancer, he will confirm by additional tests (blood tests, x-ray, ultrasound, MRI...).
Prognosis of lymphoma
The prognosis for lymphoma depends on multiple factors: the stage of the disease, the expression of symptoms, the grade of the tumor, the type of cells, the location of the disease (leukemias, lymphomas digestive, liver, spleen, and skin are of poor prognosis).
Treatment of lymphoma
Surgery of lymphoma in dogs
Surgery is considered when possible. It depends on the location and the stage of the disease.
Surgical removal must take place over a large area, about the injury itself and the surrounding tissue. This is easier when the tumor is small and operated early.
Radiation therapy of lymphoma in dogs
Radiation therapy is to destroy cancer cells by sending beams to irradiate a tumor and thus destroy the cells that compose it, thereby blocking their ability to multiply.
Irradiation destroys tumor cells while sparing the tissues that surround it.
Radiotherapy is used when the location is (example: nasal Lymphoma).
Chemotherapy for lymphoma in dogs
Chemotherapy refers to the administration of drugs that Act on cancer cells. The treatment is intended to destroy cells or stop the proliferation.
Chemotherapy is used in addition to surgery or cancer treatment.
Indeed, the lymphoma is a very sensitive to chemotherapy tumor, to obtain a remission of symptoms in 8 cases out of 10 with a median survival of 1 year in dogs.
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